What does the term 'urbanization' primarily involve?

Urbanization primarily involves the migration from the countryside to cities. This process reflects a significant demographic shift where a growing number of individuals leave rural areas in search of better economic opportunities, access to services, and improved living conditions often found in urban settings. The movement toward urban centers plays a key role in transforming societies, as it affects population density, economic activities, and cultural dynamics.

Additionally, urbanization can lead to an increase in urban populations as cities expand to accommodate incoming residents. This growth typically results in changes to infrastructure, housing, and public services to support the increased number of inhabitants. While rural areas may see a reduction in their populations as a result of this migration, the core concept of urbanization is focused on how people are moving into cities and the implications of that movement on societal structures and urban planning.