What term describes an organized colonization where settlers are sent by their ruler to inhabit a new area?

The term that describes an organized colonization where settlers are sent by their ruler to inhabit a new area is "colonial expansion." This term encapsulates the process through which a state extends its territory and influence by sending a population to settle in a different region, often leading to the establishment of new societal structures, economies, and governance. This organized effort typically involves a systematic approach and planning from the ruling authority, aiming to secure resources, spread cultural influence, and assert dominance over new lands.

Other terms do not specifically denote this organized action. For instance, "settlement" generally refers to the act of establishing a community in a new place but lacks the explicit implication of being sanctioned or organized by a ruler. "Plantation" pertains to a type of agricultural operation that often relies on labor, particularly in colonial contexts, but it does not capture the broader organizational aspect of colonization. "Urban migration" usually refers to the movement of people from rural areas to urban centers, focusing on internal population shifts rather than the external colonization process.